"再虚构"与逻辑的悖逆及思想的断裂——《药》与《阿Q正传》的电影改编合论

在时代焦虑情绪的影响下,鲁迅所秉持的是一种空间文化史观,以虚构的"病例"与"灵魂"探索国民的历史病根、思考政治现实,是其表达思想的典型方式.影片《药》与《阿Q正传》在忠实原著的基础上,对小说中的"病例"与"灵魂"进行再虚构以实现光影转世与跨界传播的同时,显示出鲜明的时代特色与通俗化特征.《药》中普通民众坚定的政治立场与《阿Q正传》中王胡高于历史中间普通民众的政治觉悟均与真实的历史逻辑相悖逆.白举人与夏三爷的合二为一虽使得两部影片实现了情节弥合,但两部影片所传递的关于"革命"的观感截然不同,影片展现的思想呈断裂状态.语言的精炼与思想的深刻造就了鲁迅小说高度雅化的特征,电影以集体化创作与大众化受体为表征,高度通俗化的电影《药》与《阿Q正传》难以再现雅化的小说.

"Re-fiction" and the Contrary of Logic and the Break of Thought:Comprehensive Comments of the Film Adaptations of Medicine and The True Story of Ah Q

Under the influence of the mood of the anxious age, Lu Xun held a view of space culture and history. It is a typical way for Lu Xun to express his thoughts, explore the historical causes of the national diseases and think about the political reality with fictitious "cases" and "souls". On the basis of being faithful to the original works, the films Medicine and The True Story of Ah Q re-constructed the "cases" and "souls" in the novels to realize the reincarnation and cross-border transmission of light and shadow, and at the same time, they also showed distinct characteristics of the era and popularized features. The firm political stand of the common people in Medicine and the political consciousness of Wang Hu in The True Story of Ah Q are both contrary to the true historical logic. Although the combination of Bai Juren and Xia Sanye makes the plot of the two films close, the perception of "revolution" conveyed by the two films is completely different, and the ideas presented between the two films are fractured. The refinement of language and the depth of thought make Lu Xun''s novels highly refined. Movies are characterized by collectivized creation and popular acceptors. The highly popular films Medicine and The True Story of Ah Q are difficult to reproduce the refined novel.