非洲自然的新自由化:现阶段的生态帝国主义

所谓帝国主义,是指核心或半外围国家以追求不平等力量为动力,支配其他国家(如外围国家)贸易、投资、劳动力和自然资源的体系。近年来,帝国主义的一个重要变化就是对全球生态危机强度的关注。生态帝国主义是依据帝国主义的主导体系,把社会生态负担从某些地区转移到更边缘的地区,以满足核心或半外围国家生物物理和代谢需求的行为或表现。自然的新自由化作为一种广泛的全球趋势创造了生态帝国主义扩张所必需的政治-社会-经济体制,同时也加快了非洲资源的新争夺进程,成为获取外围国家资源进行资本扩张的新阶段。基于此,科学地运用马克思与列宁的有关资本主义与帝国主义批判理论,通过考察海外资本对于非洲资源投资法的重要历史演变,将这种正在进行的对非洲的争夺置于全球生态危机、自然的新自由化和生态帝国主义的历史阶段进行考量,能够进一步厘清生态帝国主义和新自由主义之间的联系,特别是作为后殖民时代对经济民族主义政策的强烈反冲来考虑,有助于对当前支配世界体系中边缘区域的国际贸易和外商投资的经济政策进行激进的政治-生态批判。

Neoliberalization of African Nature as the Current Phase of Ecological Imperialism

Imperialism is a system in which core or semi-peripheral countries are driven by the pursuit of unequal power and dominate other countries’(such as the peripheral countries)trade,investment,labor,and natural resources.In recent years,an important change in imperialism is the focus on the intensity of global ecological crises.Ecological imperialism is based on the dominant system of imperialism,which transfers the social ecological burden from certain areas to more marginal areas to meet the biophysical and metabolic needs of core or semi-peripheral countries.The neoliberalization of nature,as a broad global trend,has created the political-social-economic system necessary for the expansion of ecological imperialism.It has also accelerated the process of new competition for resources in Africa and has become a new stage of capital expansion for obtaining resources from peripheral countries.Based on this,we scientifically apply Marx??s and Lenin??s critical theories on capitalism and imperialism to investigate the important historical evolution of overseas capital for African resource investment law,and consider this ongoing“competition for Africa”in the historical stage of global ecological crises,neoliberalization of natural and ecological imperialism,further clarifing the relationship between ecological imperialism and neoliberalism,especially as a strong backlash against the economic nationalist policy in the postcolonial era and helping to make a radical political ecological criticism on the economic policies that dominate the international trade and foreign investment in the marginal areas of the world system.