工程系统可靠性的演进

可靠性是人工自然以及人机关系中的一个基础范畴。它萌发于航空和军事工程领域,在电子装备研制中迅速发展,其演进是社会发展的需要,是大工程系统及其复杂性的要求,受工程知识综合水平的支撑。可靠性经历了从工程问题、理论、技术到可靠性工程学科的演进,维修性、保障性和测试性等从可靠性演进中依次分离出来,呈现工程化的层级递进的模式。其演进有多种特点,对工程主客体产生影响。其演进方向趋于弥合人机之间的落差,指向构建工程预设功能的目标的可信程度,指向工程系统对工程主体适用性的符合程度。

The Evolution of Engineering System Reliability

Engineering system reliability is a fundamental category in the study of human-nature and human-machine relations.It came into being in the field of aviation and military engineering,and rapidly developed in electronic equipment manufacturing.It meets the requirements of social development,large-scale engineering systems and their complexity,and can not do without the support of the comprehensive level of engineering knowledge.Evolving from the engineering problems,theories and technologies to an engineering discipline from which maintainability,supportability and testability departed,reliability has taken on a hierarchical and gradual engineering model.In the evolution,a wide range of features have emerged and impacted subject and object of an engineering system.The evolutionary direction tends to bridge the human-machine gap,pointing to the credibility of preset engineering targets and the consistency degree of an engineering system in accordance with its engineering subject.