论事大主义与朝鲜王朝对明关系

事大主义是儒家一种外交理念 ,是小国保存自身、应对大国的策略。它发端于东周 ,广泛存在于古代的儒家文化圈之内。在中国数千年的封建王朝中亦存在于分裂时期诸政权之间、周边藩国与中央王朝之间。而在朝鲜半岛与中原王朝交往中尤其重要。朝鲜王朝高举事大主义的大旗 ,诚心事奉明朝。形式上它依从儒家礼仪制度 ,奉行朝贡之策 ;思想上归依中华。朝鲜对明朝行事大之礼 ,明朝则对朝鲜采“字小”之策。维护朝鲜的利益不受侵犯 ,是壬辰战争时期明朝出兵援朝抗倭的原动力。正因为朝鲜对明朝采取慕华、事大之策 ,所以明代中朝关系成为典型的宗藩关系

The Shida Principle (the Principle of Small State Waiting upon the Big One) and the Relationship between China and Chosen in the Ming Dynasty

Summary: Shida principle, the principle of small state waiting upon the big one was Confucian diplomatic idea coming out in the period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and had been used by the then small principalities as a strategy for them to struggle for existing among the big ones. In ancient China this principle was being used all along the dynasties, especially in times of the state politics in disunity. Too were the peripheral countries pursued this Shida principle as it was called in ancient times. Here is an example in the Ming dynasty, the Chosen pursued a policy of Shida principle, and in return the Ming dynasty implemented Zi Xiao policy (the policy of cherishing the small states), assuming the obligation for the security of the states which expressed respect to it. The relation between the Ming dynasty and Chosen went friendly and harmoniously and this would be the motive power for the Ming Dynasty to dispatch troops aiding Chosen to resist Japanese invasion in 1592.