Ethnic Consciousness and Identity: A Research Report on Uygur‐Han Relations in Xinjiang

This paper is a report on survey findings conducted in five research sites in Xinjiang during May?–?July 2001. The research team ran into serious problems in fieldwork due to sensitive Uygur?–?Han relations. However, cautious interpretations of the survey data have revealed some interesting findings: (1) the Uygurs manifest strong ethnic and local identity; (2) there is deeply rooted mutual distrust between the Uygurs and Han Chinese; (3) the two nationality groups express prejudices against each other; and (4) a significant proportion of Uygurs and Han Chinese are sceptical about the effectiveness of government policies in maintaining healthy ethnic relations.