陈寅恪学术思想的精神义谛

虽然近年来学术界、文化界越来越多的人开始注意到陈寅恪其人其学,但迄今为止,人们对这位大史学家的了解还有限得很,对他的学术创获、学术贡献和学术精神尚缺乏深在的研究。陈寅恪之学的精神义谛大致可以归纳为九个方面:第一,陈寅恪是最具独立精神、最有现代感和历史感的历史学者。第二,陈寅恪的基本文化态度,是不忘记本来民族之地位。第三,陈寅恪的主要文化理念,是文化高于种族。第四,陈寅恪从根本上说是一位贵族史家。第五,陈寅恪是一位学术奇迹的创造者,他的后三十余年的著述,都是在目盲体衰的极端困难的情况下完成的。第六,由于陈寅恪对为学的材料资源的特殊重视,在观念上扩大了材料的应用范围。第七,陈寅恪创立了独特的解释学,即"古典"和"今典"双重证法的阐释学,认为阐释者必须具备"艺术家欣赏古代绘画雕刻之眼光及精神",方可达致对古人"了解之同情"。第八,陈寅恪一生的最大著述是《柳如是别传》,其历史书写的旨趣是"借传修史",即通过为一代奇女子立传来撰写明清文化的痛史。第九,陈寅恪的"哀伤"与"记忆",实与百年中国的文化与社会变迁以及他的家族的命运遭际有直接关系。

Gist of Chen Yinque's Academic Mind

Hitherto Chen Yinque,the great historian,has been limitedly understood,and his contribution and his gist of academic mind has not been profoundly studied,although in recent years more and more people in academic circle has noticed him and his learning.Chen's gist can be roughly summed up in nine aspects.Firstly,Chen is a historian of independent mind with modern sense.Secondly,Chen's basic cultural attitude is that the status of one's nation should not be forgotten.Thirdly,his major idea of history is that culture is superior over ethnicity.Fourthly,Chen is basically an aristocratic historian.Fifthly,Chen is an academic miracle-creator.Sixthly,Chen lays special emphasis on academic source.Seventhly,Chen invents a unique hermeneutics,which employs a double-track test by "ancient classics" and "modern Classics".Eighthly,Chen's most lengthy work is Alternative Biography of Liu Rushi,which is actually written for the bitter history of Ming and Qing Dynasties' culture.Ninthly,Chen's sorrow and memory is in fact being related to the changing of culture and society in China for a hundred years,as well as his family's fate.