晚清民国私塾与塾师的"权势"问题研究

科举停废后,私塾、塾师的状况如何,目前研究不足。有人认为塾师已成失语者,是乡村社会的弱势群体。揆诸史实,并非如此。在清末到民国相当长一段时间里,乡村的教育“权势”是由塾师而不是由教员所掌握,以学校教育为代表的国民教育并没有得到基层民众的普遍信服。这一研究表明,理论建构需要建立在合理的史实基础之上,否则难免放大失真。

A Study on the Traditional School''''s Power and Influence During the Period of Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China

The detailed study on the condition of the traditional schools(Sishu) and the teachers(Shushi) after the abolishment of imperial examinations is scarce at present.Some scholars insist that from then on Shushi has lost the right of speaking in the society,however,the historical facts show that during a long period from the late Qing to the early Republic of China,it is Shushi who has education power but not the teacher of the modern schools.The common people did not accept the modern schools.