义素类型及分析之我见

义素又称语义成分、语义特征,是词的义位的构成因子。当前研究中所提出的义素类型系统繁多,且多有义素种类混杂现象。对义素类型的划分要遵守同一律。义素分析的功能首先在于揭示个体的词义结构,因此,从词义结构角度观察义素并分析描写义素类型,应该是研究者的首选。从完整的词义结构角度观察并提取义素类型,设立语法性义素,区别、分析理性义素与色彩义素两类词汇性义素,探讨理性义素的核心———概念性义素及理性义素的边缘———附属性义素,研究动态中的言语义素,都具有重要意义。

My Opinions on Types of Sememe and Its Analysis

Sememe,i.e.semantic component or semantic trait,composes word's semanteme.The paper suggests we should follow identity law to define types of sememe against current various and obscure demarcation of sememe.Research workers should give priority to observing sememe and analyzing its attributes,and then classify it,because of sememic top function revealing semantic structure.And we should also acquire a sound semantic structure view to define sememe and pigeonhole it,form grammatical sememe concept,clarify two types of lexical sememe,rational and non-rational sememe,and probe into the core of rational sememe,affiliated sememe,namely,conceptual sememe and the margin of rational sememe.All this has an important meaning for dynamic studying of speech sememe.