Beyond Schumpeter: Nonlinear economics and the evolution of the U.S. innovation system |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Facultad de Medicina, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), México;2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Jalisco, México;3. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, BUAP, Puebla, México;4. Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente (CIBIOR), IMSS, Atlixco, Puebla, México;1. Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Business Administration, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;2. Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;3. Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;4. Department of Biotechnology, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran |
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| Abstract: | To the extent that the U.S. has a national innovation system (actually systems), it is in the midst of a dramatic transformation. Essentially, international competition and internal political machinations are causing a shift away from a Schumpeterian system of entrepreneurial capitalism toward a more mercantilistic system. Industrial structures and government policies alike are beginning to mirror their global counterparts. Meanwhile, strategic analyses, both at the level of the firm and the nation state, remain mired in the methods of the past industrial epoch. This conceptual overview contends that the emerging science of nonlinear or advanced systems (chaos and complexity theories) provides a useful addendum to Schumpeter's perspectives. Moreover, tools and strategies derived from nonlinear or advanced systems are better suited to both understanding and managing this transformation. |
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