《奥德赛》：追寻西方小说的精神原点

从人类精神史的层面看,史诗表征为人的精神世界与外在客体世界的混然整一性,但这种混然整一性在荷马史诗第二部《奥德赛》里已开始萌芽式地破裂。主观与客观、内在与外在的对立既有哲学史的意义,也有文学史的意义。一方面,它是人的自我意识的觉醒和理性认识世界的开端,另一方面,它标志了史诗关系的破裂和小说精神的悄然出现,从而使《奥德赛》与西方小说显示更多的显而易见的精神联系。

Odyssey: Searching the Spiritual Origin of Western Novel

According to the history of human spirit,epic is characterized by the integrity between human’s spiritual world and external world,but the break-up of the integrity came into being in Odyssey(i.e.Homeric EpicⅡ).The opposition between the subjective and the objective,between the internal and the external,is of historic significance in both philosophy and literature.On the one hand,the opposition starts the awakening of human’s self-consciousness and rational comprehension of the world;on the other hand,it marks the split of history-poetry nexus and the appearance of novel spirit,which resulted in the obvious spiritual relationship between Odyssey and western novel.