Comparing Group and Individual Level Assessments of Job Characteristics in Testing the Job Demand-Control Model: A Multilevel Approach |
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| Authors: | Jan De Jonge Gerard J P Van Breukelen Jan A Landeweerd Frans J N Nijhuis |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Methodology and Statistics, Maastricht University, The Netherlands;(3) Department of Health Organization, Policies and Economics Work and Health Section, Maastricht University, The Netherlands;(4) Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | This article describes a test of Karasek's JobDemand-Control (JD-C) Model using both group andindividual level assessments of job characteristics. Bygroup assessments, we mean aggregated individual data. A random sample from general hospitals andnursing homes included 16 institutions, 64 units, and1489 health care workers (82% response). Because of thehierarchically nested data structure (i.e.,institutions, units, and individuals) the research questionsand hypothesis were tested in multilevel regressionanalyses (VARCL). The results revealed both group leveland individual level effects with regard topsychological outcomes, and stressed the usefulness ofmultilevel techniques. Karasek's JD-C Model was partlyconfirmed by finding two interaction effects at grouplevel and at individual level with regard to jobsatisfaction and work motivation, respectively. Thediscussion focuses on theoretical, methodological, andpractical implications of multilevel modeling withrespect to the JD-C Model. |
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| Keywords: | JOB DEMAND-CONTROL MODEL MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS WORKSTRESS HEALTH CARE |
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