论儒家民主思想的缺失

儒家的政治理想是建立在仁学基础之上的＂亲亲、尊尊＂的和谐、稳定而又有序的等级社会,其最重要的工具手段和道德资源便是＂仁＂、＂义＂、＂礼＂。这一理想及理论构架在以后的新儒学家（包括当代新儒学家）那里得到了承继和发展,并以此开出所谓＂内圣外王＂的社会政治理论,并认为儒家仁学政治与现代民主政治有着共同的工具性质及价值归宿。然而,＂仁学＂只能造成均等的人格状态以及森严的等级结构,却不能促进独立自主、平等自由的民主制的形成。历史已经证实——儒家所理想的政治社会——在客观上,使个人丧失了自我独立及自主的本质,且从根本上消溶了民主政治的社会基础。

On the Deficiency of Democratic Ideology in the Confucius School

The Confucius political ideal is to construct a harmonious,stable,orderly and hierarchical society of loving relatives and honoring the worthy on the basis of benevolence,with the most important means and moral resources being benevolence,righteousness,and propriety.This ideal and its theoretical framework are inherited and developed by ensuing neo-Confucians(including those contemporary neo-Confucians).And thus it forms a social and political theory of domestic saint and overseas ruler which holds that the...