白居易《新乐府》创作目的、原型等考论

白居易对自己作《新乐府》的动机有一个明确的表述,即"难于指言者,辄歌之,欲稍稍进闻于上",为朝廷乐府机构进献歌词,从而发扬古人以歌言政的传统,不同于其他讽谕诗创作;白居易新乐府创作的借鉴原型不是人们通常所说的《毛诗》,而是取自《尚书.五子之歌》;新乐府创作后得到了广泛的传播,很可能被朝廷的乐府机构所采用。

On Composing Motive and Antetype and Spread of Bai Juyi's New Yue Fu:Reread Yu Yuan Jiu Shu

All through the years,Yu Yuan Jiu Shu is regarded as an important literature for interpreting Bai Juyi's poetry.Nevertheless,due to the fact that few scholars have ever studied his New Yue Fu from the aspect of the study of Yue Fu,few scholars have a deep insight on his words about the composing of the New Yue Fu.This article,based on the further study of Yu Yuan Jiu Shu,reveals that Bai Juyi had an explicit statement about the composing motive of his New Yue Fu.Writing poems for the imperial court for the sake of promoting the convention of "expressing political viewpoints through verses" by the ancient people,his composition therefore is different from other satirical ones.The antetype of Bai Juyi's New Yue Fu is not Mao Shi as people used to refer to,but adopted from Shang Shu Wu Zi Zhi Ge.New Yue Fu has spread afar since its birth,and most probably was adopted by the musical institution from the imperial court.