“中国皇后号”的城市外交特征与价值研究

2014年2月22日是"中国皇后号"首航中国的230周年纪念日。1784年2月22日,美国第一条商船开往中国广州,开始了中美正式交往。为了纪念"中国皇后号"首航中国230周年,本文对"中国皇后号"的相关文献进行梳理分析研究,认为"中国皇后号"首航中国始末是一个典型的城市外交案例,对当今开展城市外交活动颇具借鉴意义。城市外交的理论和实践在世界各国由于各自的社会历史发展过程、国家体制存在差异,因而表现出各自的特色。中国的城市外交的理论和实践还处于探索阶段,本文综合比较国内外城市外交的前沿理论,对"中国皇后号"首航中国广州始末进行分析研究,归纳提炼出:民间组织是建立信任的纽带,经济利益是核心动力,城市是资源整合的平台等三大城市外交特征,以及经济、外交、文化等三大价值,希望这些判断能对城市外交的理论和实践提供有益的参考。

Research on Features and Values of City Diplomacy of the Empress of China

February 22 of 2014 marks the 230th anniversary of the maiden voyage to China of the ship of the Empress of China. On February 22, 1784, the first merchant ship from the USA set sail for Guangzhou, China, beginning officially the Sino-American relationship. In memory of this 230th anniversary, the author has carefully probed into related cultures of the Empress of China, which assumes that the whole story of the maiden voyage serves as a typical case of city diplomacy and is of great referential significance nowadays. Theories and actual practices on city diplomacy in different countries vary due to their specific historic developments and national systems. However, theories and practices in this field in China are still at exploratory stage. The author has comprehensively compared updated theories on city diplomacy home and abroad and thoroughly studied the whole event of the maiden voyage to China of the Empress of China, hence the summary： NGOs are links of mutual trust; economic interests are core motivation; cities are platforms to concentrate resources. These are 3 main features of city diplomacy, along with 3 major values in terms of economic, diplomacy and culture. Therefore it is sincerely hoped that this essay will be of practical references in this particular field.