英国文化研究中的文学、理论和民主批评——关于霍加特的理论研究

理查德·霍加特通常被视为英国文化研究历史上“前理论时刻”、文学经验主义、文化主义的代表人物，一位反理论/无关理论者。然而，文章认为，霍加特的文化批评并非是反/无关理论的，而是关于何为理论、理论何为的探讨；他的文学写作激活了他的民主批评，这正是文化研究的用途。文章第一部分审视了当代理论，认为理论实则复制了阿诺德模式；第二部分探讨了霍加特的“理论”语言，认为他看似普通的语言满足了民主批评的政治需求；最后一部分结合具体文本，分析了霍加特的语言及文学写作如何促使他伸展开来，与他者对话。 

Literature,Theory and Democratic Criticism in British Cultural Studies—Richard Hoggart: Anti-theoretical or Atheoretical?

Richard Hoggart is generally regarded as a representative of the pre-theoretical era in the history of British Cultural Studies, a literary empiricist and culturalist. He is further dismissed as anti-theoretical or atheoretical. This paper, however, argues that Hoggart's cultural criticism is anything but this. It involves the question of what theory is and does and how literary writing activates democratic criticism, in which lies the use of Cultural Study. The first part proposes that contemporary theory replicates Matthew Arnold. It is followed by a discussion about Hoggart's uncommonly ordinary language he carefully adopts for the purpose of promoting democratic criticism. The case analysis in the third part examines how this language and Hoggart's literary writing enables him to reach out and speak to the other.