从语言游戏论看二语词汇习得过程中的语言迁移现象

文章以语言游戏论的“家族相似性”和“意义即使用”为理据，阐释了二语词汇习得过程中的语言正、负迁移现象。研究表明，语言正迁移是由于语言游戏之间存在家族相似性，而语言负迁移现象的存在是因为所有的语言游戏之间虽存在家族相似性，但这种相似性下仍有差异存在；语言的意义按照规则在使用中得以体现，在二语词汇习得过程中，语言迁移的产生是由于母语与二语所处的生活形式发生变化引起语言游戏规则的改变，进而导致语言规则和使用的变化，亦即语言意义的不同。在英语词汇教学过程中，我们应当对词汇迁移现象进行分类总结，理解其本质，提倡利用语境进行二语词汇教学，使学生形成自然的英语表达习惯。 

An Insight into Language Transfer in Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition Based on Language Game

This paper explores positive and negative language transfers in second language vocabulary acquisition based on "Family Resemblance" and "Meaning Is Use". Positive language transfers occur for Family Resemblance is common to all language games, while negative transfers take place for there are differences beneath "Family Resemblance". Language meanings come from rule-based language use. In second language vocabulary acquisition, transfer occurs because the change of life forms carrying L1 and L2 will cause the change of Language Game rules accordingly, which brings about the differences of language meanings between L1 and L2. In English vocabulary teaching, we should classify vocabulary transfers first to learn its nature well. We suggest teaching second language vocabulary in use, which will enable students to learn English naturally.