我国小学、初中语文课程标准的百年变迁

1950年以前的语文课程标准体现出引领国语、国文课程向大众化、实用化、科学化、个性化的发展趋势,由于战乱频繁,使先进的教育理念成了课程实践史上未能产生效能的一大遗憾。1950年以后,以粉碎"四人帮"为分界岭,此前语文课程标准(大纲)主要体现出培养目标政治化、教学过程程式化等特点;此后语文课程理念出现了知识教育向素质教育变化,促进学生全面发展的目标逐渐回归语文课程标准,"工具性与人文性的统一"被确定为语文课程的基本特点,语文内容目标第一次退出课程标准。香港的语文课程标准建设还处在一个初始阶段,但它在教育理念方面所体现出来的先进性,在解释理论术语方面所体现出来的清晰性,在教学设计(案例)方面所体现出来的操作性,已经显示出了很高的境界。台湾语文课程标准在传承民族文化的一贯性、把握语文教育的规律性等方面的建树,也为我国语文课程标准的建设与发展铺垫着成功之路。

A Century's Development of Standard for Chinese Curriculum in Primary and Middle School

Before 1950,the Chinese curriculum standard appeared a tendency of leading the Chinese language curriculum and the Chinese literature curriculum to be popular,practical,scientific and individual.But the advanced theory failed for the war and it became a great regret in the curriculum history.After 1950,the history of curriculum has been divided into two parts according to the failure of the gang of 4 people.Before that,the standard for Chinese curriculum appeared the characters of emphasizing politics in Chinese objective and being rigid in teaching process.However,after that,it changed emphasizing knowledge into quality,training the students to develop in an all-round way has become the main objective,and the unification of tool and humanities has defined as the basic character of Chinese curriculum.Though the construction of Chinese curriculum standard in Hong Kong is at the initial stage,it shows some advanced characters,such as the advancement in education theory,the clearness in explaining theory terms and the operation in teaching design.The Chinese curriculum standard in Taiwan has also enhanced the construction and development of Chinese curriculum standard in carrying national culture and preserving educational regulation.