试论不作为犯罪的义务来源

学界对不作为犯罪的义务来源已做了很多研究。通说认为不作为犯罪的作为义务来源主要是以下四个方面:(一)法律明文规定的作为义务;(二)职务上或者业务上要求履行的义务;(三)由行为人先行行为引起的义务;(四)法律行为引起的作为义务。但对通说中的四种情况应如何界定却不尽相同。不论是作为犯罪还是不作为犯罪,只要是犯罪,就毫无例外的构成了对我国刑法所保护的社会关系的侵害。而就不作为犯罪而言,探讨义务来源对刑事立法及刑法的正确适用具有一定的理论及实践意义。

On The Duty Source of the Non-Action Crime

a lot of studies have been made as to the duty source of the non-action crime.Generally,the duty source of the non-action crime consists of the following aspects:a.action duty stipulated clearly by laws;b,the duty performance required by the job or business;c,the duty aroused by the pre-action of the actor;d,the action duty caused by legal act.But as to how to identify the duty,it is quite differ- ent for each of the four cases.No matter it is the action crime or the non action crime,it will violate the social relationships protected by China's criminal law.Discussing non-action crime,especially dis- cussing its duty source will be of some instructions to the proper application of the criminal law.