社会冲突的常规化管理:必要性、障碍与路径选择

当前中国社会进入了转型时期冲突的高发期,尤其以各类群体性事件最为突出.对此,不论是政府的现实应对还是学术界的理论研究,更多体现的是一种应急化管理的思路.冲突的应急化管理固然很重要,但是从它与常规化管理的关系以及当前冲突的生成过程来看,无疑是加强冲突的常规化管理显得更加重要和更为关键.不过,实现冲突的常规化管理面临着压力型体制、政府“一家独大”的社会管理格局、体制性迟钝、冲突过程兼具合法性与非法性、地方政府公信力不足等体制性和现实性的障碍.有鉴于此,可以尝试从冲突管理的常态化、制度化、程序化和层次化等方面进行探索和改进.

The Necessity,Obstacles and Path Choice of Normalizing Management of Social Conflicts

China has entered a period of frequent conflicts,especially there are many mass events.Government’s response focused on emergency management.Scholars also paid more attention to this aspect.Although it is certainly very important,normalizing conflict management is the basic road from the perspective of the difference between normalizing management and emergency management and the generating process of conflicts.But,it faces various institutional and real obstacles at present,such as pressurized system,government-dominant social management pattern,institutional inertia,both legitimate and illegal factors in the conflict process,and lack of credibility in local government.In view of these obstacles,governments should try to explore on the normalizing,institutionalized,programmable and layered conflict management.