乡村混合门宦宗教社区中的寺坊结构及变迁——关于宁夏黑虎沟村的宗教民族志研究

派别意识和地理区隔是形成寺坊隶属结构的两大主因。在全球化、社会改革、教育普及、人口流动和媒体宣传等因素的影响下,西北农村伊斯兰教寺坊结构开始变化,人们的自主意识增强,教派观念淡化,村落行政权力下降,寺坊成为村民重要的交往和互动空间。乡村宗教获得了自由发展的同时,也面临世俗化、教育式微、寺坊人口下降、活动和号召力减弱、阿訇供养隐忧等困境。伊斯兰文化的传承、读书与念经的关系、寺坊人口的保持和稳定、新的宗教思潮的应对、宗教资源的分配、宗教社区的吸引力及其功能和角色等问题,将是未来农村伊斯兰教面临的较为紧迫的问题。

System and Change in a Rural Community of Mixed Sufi Schools——An Investigation into Religious Ethnography of Heihugou Village in Ningxia

At present,mosque structure in rural areas in Northwest began to change.People＇s self-awareness has been strengthened,while concept of religious school is fading.Executive power in village reduced.Mosque has become a place for important communication and interaction for the villagers.Religion in rural areas witnessed free development,at the same time,it also faces such difficulties as secularization,neglect of education,population drop in mosque,decrease of activities and charisma,deep trouble of support of Imam.