农业产业特性及其对农业企业组织结构性维度特征的影响

产业特性制约着组织行为,影响到企业的组织结构性特征。在梳理农业的产品、生产和交易三个产业特性及其关系,以及对组织结构性维度相关理论进行阐述的基础上,就基于产业特性的农业企业的结构性维度特征进行了分析。结果表明,作为生活必需品的农产品的生命特性和信息隐蔽性等自然属性引发了生产环节的时空约束、分工及规模不经济,进而导致生产决策困难;产品特性同时使得农产品在销售环节出现流通成本高、风险大及柠檬市场现象。农业的产业特性使得农业企业组织维度呈现复杂程度较高、正规化和集权化程度较低的显著特征,并因此造就了多样化的农业企业组织结构。

The Characteristics of Agricultural Industry and Its Influence on Structural Dimension Features of Agricultural Enterprise

Industrial characteristics which effect the structural characteristic of enterprise organization and constrain organizational behavior.This paper differentiates the characteristics of agricultural products,production,transaction and the relationship between them.Furthermore,theories about structural dimension features of organization are also put forward.The paper then analyzes the structural dimension features of agricultural enterprises based on industrial characteristics.The results could be shown as follows: As the daily necessities,agricultural products have its characteristics such as the life property and the information imperceptibility and so on.These natural properties of agricultural products bring about some problems like space time constraints in production,diseconomies of scale and labor division which lead to difficulties in production decision.At the same time,agricultural products suffer from high circulation costs,high-risk in the sales cycle and the appearance of "lemon phenomenon".In conclusion,the industrial characteristics of agricultural industry make agriculture organization dimensions more complicated,more normalized and more centralized.This is why the organizational structure of agricultural enterprises becomes diversified.