论司法权的被动性——以民事诉讼为视角

司法权被动性是司法权的重要特征。法官不能主动启动司法程序,也不能擅自变更当事人的诉请内容。司法权的被动性能有效防止审判权的专横擅断,确保裁判公正。现行民事诉讼中常有违反司法权被动性的表现。必须充分认识司法权被动性的价值,树立司法中立的观念,完善立法,规范司法运作,加强对司法权行使的监督和考核,同时又要辩证地看待司法被动性,防止观念和行为的片面性。

Looking into the Passivity of Adjudicative Power from the Perspective of Civil Procedure

The passivity of adjudicative power is capable of preventing a judge's peremptoriness effectively and ensuring fair adjudications.However,violations of judicial passivity often exist in current civil procedures. This article ventures to argue for the following points.First,the value of judicial passivity must be fully recognized.Second,the notion of judicial neutrality must be established.Third,the legislations involved must be perfected: judicial operations must be regulated properly,and the supervision over and the assessment of the exercise of adjudicative power must be strengthened.Fourth,judicial passivity should be viewed and treated dialectically,avoiding one-sidedness of notions or behaviors.