经济发达国家教育费结构特征及改革动向

教育费在国、公、私立学校及学前、初等、中等、高等教育体系中如何分担、分配 ?这在国际上是新的研究热点 ,也是我国社会主义市场经济条件下为适应升学、就业竞争及教育经费配置、提高教育质量亟需探讨的重要课题之一。目前 ,经济发达国家的教育财政正受到抑制 ,其教育费改革动向 :一是学前教育作重点投资 ;二是由补助教育机关转向补助个人 ;三是委托民间企业运营公立学校 ;四是开放远程教育 ;五是通过贷款本人负担学费 ;六是充分利用定向费用。而上述改革则是由于社会的发展和环境的变化引起的。研究发达国家教育费负担的动向、变化及特征 ,对我国社会主义市场经济下教育费如何负担有重要启示作用。

The Reform Trends of the Structure Bearing Educational Expenses in Developed Countries

How are educational expenses (including the cost of public education and after-class schooling , tuition ,and the cost of text book, reference book , etc.)borne both in state-run , public and private schools, and in the system of pre-school , primary , secondary and higher education ? How are they assigned ? What are their bases ? All these questions are new educational hot topics in the world . How to deal with these questions is also an urgent problem demanding prompt solution in the background of our socialism market-oriented economy , because they are concerned with how to make our students adapt themselves to the competition of entering a higher school and obtaining employment ,how to improve educational quality ,and how to effectively assign educational funds . In this article , I try to make an exploration on the following questions: 1.the reform trends of educational expenses in economically developed countries; 2.the impact of changing environment on bearing educational expenses ; 3.the feature of bearing educational expenses; 4.our reflection and suggestion on the structure of bearing educational expenses in our country .