论卢梭社会契约中的"公意"

"公意"是卢梭社会契约思想的核心概念,他试图通过代表人民公共利益的"公意"来建立理想的政府。但是由于他对"公意"概念的阐述很含混,所以引起了很多争议。文章通过对卢梭社会契约思想中"公意"的作用的考察,得出"公意"即是自由的结论,围绕"公意"的认识和选择,需要对人民启蒙;"公意"倾向于导致集权或多数人的暴政;"公意"是通过政府迫使人们做出的选择,这几个问题展开论述,并对"公意"进行反思。

On General Will in Rousseau's Social Contract Theory

The general will is the key concept of Rousseau's social contract theory.He tried to build up his ideal government by producing the general will which represented the public interest of the People.But he had not clarified the concept of general will clearly,so this idea caused many disputes.In this article we discuss that the general will played an important role in the theory of social contract,the relationship between general will and freedom,and the meditation of the general will.The meditation includes three aspects which are the general will need the People to be enlightened,the general will lead to totalitarianism and tyranny of most of the people,and the general will is try to force the people to be free.