民国时期海权的认知向度、实践路径及制约因素

为了应付日益严重的海权危机，民国时期国人对海权的认知和实践进行了积极探索。海权认知涵盖了海洋权力、海洋权利及海洋权益三重向度；海权实践路径表现在加强海军建设以提升海洋权力、多管齐下以维护海洋权利、发展海洋经济以争取海洋权益；海权认知和实践受到政治动荡、财政拮据、观念守旧等因素制约。民国时期海权认知和实践经验教训对当今中国加快海洋强国建设依然有着深刻启示。

LI Qiang-hua

In order to cope with the increasingly serious crisis of sea power, Chinese people explored the cognition and practice of sea power actively during the period of the Republic of China. The cognitive dimension of sea power covered three aspects, i.e., marine power, maritime right and maritime rights and interests. The practice path of sea power lied in strengthening the construction of navy to enhance the maritime power, safeguarding the maritime rights through multiple approaches and developing marine economy to strive for marine interests. The restrictive factors of cognition and practice of sea power included political turbulence, financial constraints, conservative ideas and invasion of foreign enemies, etc. The experience and lessons from the cognition and practice of sea power in the period of the Republic of China still have profound enlightenment for China to speed up the construction of a maritime power.