中国东海区外资海洋企业集聚演变与区位指向研究

区位优势是外企投资决策关键因素，明确外资海洋企业区位规律有利于各地制定地方化外资吸引政策。基于东海区（除中国台湾）外资海洋企业数据，利用重心模型、核密度、缓冲区等方法探析外资海洋企业的集聚格局演变及区位指向。结果表明:（1）外资海洋企业行业分布以水上运输、船舶及相关装置制造、水产品加工、渔业等传统海洋产业为主，尚无成规模的外资高科技海洋企业和海洋型新兴企业；（2）外资海洋企业呈现多中心集聚格局，已形成11个集聚区，其中核心集聚区分布于上海市中心（黄浦、虹口、静安等区）及浦东南汇新城、宁波镇海北仑和舟山本岛、厦门本岛及海沧；（3）外资海洋企业区位显著特征是趋向海岸线和城市中心，但尚未表现出明显的高新技术产业区趋向。

The Evolution and Location Tendency of A gglomeration Pattern of Foreign-invested Marine Enterprises in the East China Sea Area

Location advantage is a key factor in the invest decision-making of foreign companies. To make clear the location law of foreign-invested marine enterprises is conducive to the drawing of differentiated policies for attracting foreign capital in various regions. Based on the data of foreign-invested marine enterprises in the East China Sea District, the methods of the center of gravity model, nuclear density analysis and buffer zone analysis are used to analyze the evolution of agglomeration pattern and location orientation of foreign-invested marine enterprises in the East China Sea District. The results show that: (1) Foreign-invested marine enterprises mainly engage in traditional marine industries such as water transportation, shipbuilding and related equipment manufacturing, aquatic products processing industry and fisheries, and there is no large-scale investment in high-tech marine industries and emerging marine industries; (2) Foreign-invested marine enterprises always show a pattern of multi-center agglomeration distribution and 11 cluster areas have been formed now, among which, the central districts of Shanghai, Nanhui New Town of Shanghai, Zhenhai District and Beilun District of Ningbo and Zhoushan as well as Xiamen Island and Haicang are the core agglomeration areas; (3) Foreign-invested marine enterprises have obvious trends for settling in coastline and urban centers in terms of their location, but they have not shown significant tendency in high-tech industrial zones.