美国远东外交与华盛顿体系下的海军军备限制问题

华盛顿会议以后,美国政府在国会要求削减开支的压力下,基本上继续沿着华盛顿体系的轨迹,寻求与列强合作,继续进行裁军谈判,先后召开了日内瓦会议和伦敦会议。这些国际会议取得了有限的成果,但是更多的却是暴露和激化了列强之间尤其是美日之间的分歧,裁军谈判并没有达到预期的目的。另一方面,政府和国会与海军在裁军和对日政策上的分歧日益公开化,美国海军在华盛顿体系的限制下抵制裁军,继续努力保持战备,但财政上的困难终于使之在与日本海军的竞争中处于不利地位。

US Far Eastern Diplomacy and the Disarmament Question under the Washington System

After the Washington Conference, US administrations, under the pressure from Congress to cut budgets, were continuing the effort of the Washington System by seeking to cooperate with powers and keeping on international disarmament negotiations. On one hand, these negotiations not only failed to make considerable progress, but also revealed the insurmountable gap among powers especially between US and Japan. On the other hand, the divergences of opinion between the American administrations and the navy about the disarmament question gradually became overt. The US navy, although tried to resist the disarmament plan of the Washington System by keeping preparing for war, finally turned to be in an unfavorable position in the contest with the Japanese navy.