生态美学悖论：现代主义的失败，前现代的复活以及后现代的展望

如今我们知道出现了环境伦理学的一些事,这种伦理学为人们在日常生活行为中保护自然资源和生态系统并制止破坏生态的行为所需要的道德规范进行论证。生态伦理学的那些原则的根据,是希望在富裕而文明的城市生活和为保住地球而考虑着有所节制这两者之间达成和谐关系,即是说,在消费和节制欲望之间达成和谐关系。因此,我们眼见到作为西方化、工业化和城市化的现代主义的失败。那就是前现代的那种崇拜自然的怀旧情绪出现的原因。与此相当,现代美学,作为关于感性的哲学,也破产了。现在,时候到了,我们应该设想生态美学是可能的。为什么现在需要生态美学呢?其实,我们面临着现代美学本身的危机。我们的现代性过渡到了后现代时代,在这过渡的当口,产生了一些人不曾经历过的情况:直接和真东西接触难了,真东西让关于不可眼见的对象的那些铺天盖地的信息给遮蔽了;媒体和政治势力的黑手控制着人们的经验;城市化和无所不在的矫揉造作,把对于自然的感觉弄得麻木不仁;数字符号弄出来的影像和言辞,把艺术呈现搞得毫无力度。在后现代性的展望中,为了帮助美学恢复其意义这一目的,我们应该构筑生态美学。这种美学应该恰当地处理人对自然的关系、经验中的敏感性的意义,以及城市性的消费生活等问题。我们应该恢复关于我们的原初经验的思考,这种经验将使我们对美学的重要性进行重新评价。

Paradox of Eco- Aesthetics:Defeat of Modernism, Revival of the Pre-modern and Prospect of Post-modernity

We know something nowadays about emergence of environmental ethics that argues about people's ethics in ordinary life behavior to protect natural resources and ecological system and to check ecological destruction.Principles of ecological ethics are based on the hope for harmony between wealthy,civilized urban life and ascetic care for maintenance of the earth,i.e.between consumption and control of desire.Thus we witness the defeat of modernism as westernization,industrialization and urbanization.That is how nostalgia for the pre-modern as worship for nature has emerged.Correspondingly,breakdown of modern aesthetics as philosophy of sensibility has occurred.Now,it is time we should suppose the possibility of ecological aesthetics.Why is eco-aesthetica required now? In fact,we face the crisis of modern aesthetics itself.Our modernity passing to a post-modern age has produced situations man never experienced: difficulty of direct contact with real objects,hindered by excessive diffusion of information about the objects unseen;control of experience by the hands of media,political power;dullness of sensitivity toward nature due to urbanization and all-over artificiality;powerless representation caused by digital semiotic images and words,etc.In prospect of post-modernity and for the purpose of helping aesthetics recover its meaning,we should invent eco-aesthetica,which should treat appropriate relationship between man and nature,meaning of sensibility in an experience,and attitude of urban consumption life,etc.We should restore thought about our original experience that will lead us to reassess the importance of aesthetics.