论批判民族志研究的困境及对策

20世纪70年代以来,批判民族志的研究方法逐渐受到西方教育研究领域的重视,并被广泛应用于社会弱势群体的教育问题研究。但同时,批判民族志也面临着声音的合法性危机和研究者与被研究者的不平等关系的问题。鉴于此,批判民族志提出了自我反思、建立与研究对象的平等、互动、信任的关系以及主动帮助他们寻求公平等三条解决途径。批判民族志研究的问题及其对策对我国的教育民族志研究的深入开展具有重要的参考价值。

Critical Ethnography Researches: Problems and Solutions

Critical ethnography has been an important methodology in researching on the disadvantaged people’s educational difficulties in the Western countries.In the meanwhile,critical ethnography is frequent because of the crisis of voice and imbalanced power relations between the researcher and the researched.In response to these criticisms,critical ethnographers propose self-reflexivity,the establishment of equal,interactive and trust relationship between the researcher and the researched,and help the researched to seek ways of gaining equality.These three solutions shed new lights on China’s educational ethnographical research.