运用形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定市场中伪劣海参产品

本研究利用扫描电子显微镜对新鲜仿刺参、市场上销售的仿刺参干品以及冷冻产品的背脊部骨片的组成和结构进行了观察.结果表明,鲜仿刺参和干仿刺参骨片形态和结构基本相似,而冷冻仿刺参骨片与它们存在明显差异.利用PCR扩增这三种海参的线粒体16S rRNA基因的部分序列,测序并研究其亲缘关系.其中鲜仿刺参和干仿刺参的序列完全相同,与之前学者报道的仿刺参序列同源性为99.8％,而冷冻仿刺参与它们的同源性仅为81.5％.进化树表明,鲜仿刺参和干仿刺参关系最近,冷冻仿刺参与它们关系较远.形态学和分子生物学方法都证明,干仿刺参产品为正宗仿刺参,冷冻仿刺参为假冒仿刺参.

Morphological and Molecular Methods to Identify Genuine and Fake Sea Cucumber Products

The dorsal ossicles of fresh Apostichopus japonicus,dried product and frozen product were observed with scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that the ossicles of the fresh and the dried were identical,but were different with the frozen.The 16S mitochondrial rRNA sequences from them were amplified and sequenced,and phylogenetic relationships among them were presented.Consequently,the sequence of the fresh was identical to the dried.However,the homology between the dried and the frozen was 81.5%.Both phylogenic trees supported that the relationship between the fresh and the dried was close,and the frozen was not closely related with them.Both morphological and molecular methods proved that the dried product was real Apostichopus japonicus,but the frozen product was a fake.