我国畜禽企业组织多样化及科层特征

在明晰畜禽生产企业各类组织运行方式的基础上，从权力视角分析了农业组织形式多样化的原因及本质，揭示出典型农业企业组织结构形式的科层特征。分析结果表明：高昂的监督考核和激励成本约束下，农业企业组织形式多样化的本质仅仅在于集权程度的差异。各类组织形式不同的运行方式展现出不同的科层特性；复杂环境约束下，组织结构演化的均衡结果是采用“公司＋基地＋农户”，这一组织成本相对较高，但组织控制程度和国际竞争能力较好的结构。

An Analysis on Diversification of Organizations and Features of Hierarchy of Chinese Livestock Enterprises

Base on the diversification in the organizational forms of agricultural enterprises, the paper shows the reason and essence of diversification of agricultural organization from the perspective of authority. It also reveals the typical characteristics of hierarchy of livestock enterprises based on the understanding of organizational operation way. The results show as follows： Under the high cost of supervision and motivation, the essence of diversification of organizational forms of agricultural enterprises is the differences in the degree of centralization. Different modes of operation in various types of organizations reflect different characteristics of hierarchy. Under a complex circumstance, ＂Company plus base plus farmers＂ is the equilibrium result of organizational reform. The conclusion can not only improve the application of organization theory in the field of agriculture, but provide revelatory reference for selection in agricultural enterprise organization and efficiency improvement.