劳动力市场分割、培训机会获取与新生代农民工培训收益率差异

新生代农民工就业能力的高低关系到国家经济转型和产业结构升级,通过职业技能培训对提高其就业能力具有重要和深远意义。本文根据调查样本数据,建立Logistic和Stepwise回归模型,在劳动力市场分割视角下分析新生代农民工职业培训选择影响因素并对培训收益率进行研究,发现职业培训对低学历者存在"挤出效应",劳动力市场分割对农民工的培训机会和培训收益方面存在显著影响;与学校教育相比,职业技能培训对新生代农民工收入增长作用仍待进一步提高。据分析,政府必须统筹规划不同劳动力市场的职业技能培训资源,优化配置培训资源;同时,为提高职业培训的效率和效益,必须对免费培训选择性的"提档升级",努力规避培训对低学历的"挤出效应"。

Labor Market Segmentation,Training Opportunities and Returns Difference Rates for the New Generation of Migrant Workers

The new-generation migrant workers employment level is related to the national economic transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. To improve their employment ability through the occupation skill training is of far-reaching significance. In this paper, based on sample data, the occupation skill training selection factors and return rates of training for the new generation of migrant workers are analyzed from the view of labor market segmentation based on Logistic and Stepwise regression models.There existed ＂extrusion effect＂ of occupation skill training to low degree education. In segmentation labor market,the new generation of migrant workers gains significant differences in training opportunities and training returns. Compared with basic education in schools,the government occupation skill training for the new migrant workers＇ income growth still needs to be further improved. The conclusion is drawn by analysis and policy suggestions are made.The government must try to plan training resources of different labor market occupation overall and optimize the allocation of resources.In order to improve the efficiency and benefit of occupation training, it is necessary to avoid training on ＂crowding out effect＂ of low degree and upgrade selectively the level of the free training.