唐代北岳祭祀析论

唐代北岳实为共享的仪式空间，其祭祀涵括官方祭祀与民间祭祀两个层面。具体而论，国家祀典中自开元礼五岳常祀成为定制后，北岳常祀代有举行，同时，官方祭祀还与祈雨、祈晴仪式密切相关，其中暗含政治控制和邦国经纬之意。而北岳祭祀凸显的捍御边防之诉求，与北岳所处地理位置之重要性密不可分，也是其区别于其他四岳祭祀的特征之一。相较而言，民间北岳祠祭延展为多种样态，其崇祀神灵的主要动机亦呈现出多元化倾向，其规模有时并非一般，可以由此反观此类民间祭祀的活跃程度。

On the Sacrificial Ritual to the Northern Mountain in the Tang Dynasty

In the Tang Dynasty the Northern Mountain was actually a shared ritual place where both the official rites and the folk cults took place. Since the regular sacrifices to the Five Peaks became a regulation, the regular sacrifices to the Northern Mountain had been held through generations. At the same time, the official rites were closely connected with the ceremonies to pray for rain or sun, which implied political control and state management. By contrast, the folk cults in the Northern Mountain presented themselves in several kinds of forms with pluralistic motives, from which we could see the thriving of this kind of folk cults.