美国高等教育困难群体权益保护的特点及其启示

高等教育困难群体权益保护是一个理论性和政策性都很强的领域.美国在这一领域表现出下列鲜明的特点:在维护对象上兼顾中产阶级和特殊群体;在资助目标上照顾多方面比例的平衡并保障院校与专业的自由选择;在资助主体上以政府为主但院校和社会也发挥重要作用;在资助历程中各阶段资助理念的变化主导法规政策的发展;在资助手段上法律、市场、技术、税收多管齐下;在资助成就上从认识到实践都达到了较高水平.借鉴美国经验,我国高教困难群体权益保护应重审高教权益观,逐渐拓宽资助对象,完善高教资助目标结构;综合运用多元权益保护手段;进一步探索和改进权益保护操作方法和技术.

Characteristics and Implications of Rights and Interests Protection for Disadvantaged Groups in American Higher Education

Protecting the rights and interests of higher education for disadvantaged groups is one of the fields which strongly involves theories and policies.America has showed some obvious characteristics in this field.The objects of protecting include middle class and special groups;the objective is to keep balance among varied objects and to ensure free choice of colleges and majors;its subjects include the Federal Government as the lion's share while colleges,universities and state governments as assistant parts;...