基于SBM-undesirable和Meta-frontier模型的APEC能源效率研究

准确测算能源效率与提升潜力可以为制定有效的节能减排策略提供科学依据。为进一步完善跨国研究中由于技术异质性导致的能源效率测算偏差,采用SBM－Undesirable 模型和Meta－frontier 生产函数,测算了APEC 17 个成员1990—2012 年期间的能源效率。同时,采用"共同技术比率"定量考察了各成员能源利用的技术差距,并从"生产技术"和"管理"两个维度将能源利用无效率分解为"技术差距无效率"和"管理无效率"来探寻能源效率提升途径。研究发现:发达国家和地区在共同前沿和群组前沿下的能源效率没有差异,发展中国家和地区在两种前沿下的能源效率有显著差异;发展中国家与潜在的最优技术水平的差距有扩大的趋势;发达国家和地区应从管理方面提高能源效率,发展中国家和地区则要从技术和管理双方面来提高能源效率。

Energy Efficiency in APEC:A Meta-frontier SBM-undesirable Approach

Calculating energy efficiency and enhancing potential accurately can provide scientific basis for making effective energy-saving emission reduction strategies. In order to improve the deviation of international research of energy efficiency due to the technology heterogeneity, the SBM－Undesirable model and Meta－frontier production function were applied to calculate energy efficiency of 17 members of the APEC area during the period of 1990—2012. At the same time, technology gaps between the APEC members were measured by "meta-technology ratios". From the two dimensions of "technology" and "management", energy inefficiency was decomposed into "technology inefficiency" and "managerial inefficiency" to explore ways to improve the energy efficiency. It found that for developed countries and regions there is no difference in energy efficiency under meta-frontier and group-frontier, while there are significant differences in energy efficiency under the two frontiers for developing countries and regions; the technology gaps between developing countries and the potential optimal technology seems to increase. Developed countries and regions should improve their energy efficiency from the management aspect, and developing countries and regions should improve energy efficiency from both technology and management aspects.