“三级所有、队为基础”小公社体制在乡村的确立——基于民族志研究视角

从历史社会学的方法对洪湖地区的小公社体制循序渐进的进程进行了细致梳理。大公社制度在所有制、分配制和生产责任制等方面的弊端暗含了这一制度必然向小公社所有制方向转变的逻辑。从这一转变的繁难过程中可以看到＂三级所有、队为基础＂的体制是以顺应农民劳动积极性为出发点的,也是人民公社在所有制方面所能容纳的最低限度。小公社体制基本稳定下来后一直延续到20世纪80年代初。

Establishment of "Three levels-owned, Production team-based" commune in countryside: in the view of ethnographic study

The paper first reviews the literatures of small commune system in Honghu county in historical perspective.The mechanism defect of ownership and distribution in the ＂Big Commune＂ is doomed to inevitably shift to ＂Small Commune＂.From this transformation,we can see that ＂three levels-owned,production team-based＂ system adapts to peasants＇ enthusiasm for labour in certain degree and therefore it had been stabilized till the early 1980s.However,this ownship system is the minimum the people＇s commune could reach and it certainly would give way to total household economy.