Sexual orientation, income, and non-pecuniary economic outcomes: new evidence from young lesbians in Australia |
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Authors: | Christopher Carpenter |
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Institution: | (1) The Paul Merage School of Business, University of California, Irvine, 443 SB, Irvine, CA 92697-3125, USA |
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Abstract: | Although there is a growing international literature examining the relationship between sexual orientation and income or wages,
there is far less evidence on whether sexual minorities experience systematically different non-pecuniary economic outcomes.
I use confidential representative data on over 9,000 young Australian women age 22–27 with information on self-reported sexual
orientation, income, and non-pecuniary economic outcomes such as: workplace harassment, job search difficulty, work stress,
and job satisfaction. After controlling for demographic and work characteristics, I find that in comparison to heterosexual
women the young lesbians in my sample: (1) have lower personal incomes; (2) have significantly higher odds of reporting distressing
harassment at work, difficulty finding a job, losing a job, and decreased income; and (3) are significantly more dissatisfied
with and report more stress about economic aspects of their lives (e.g. work, career, money). Differentials for non-economic
aspects of life are generally smaller. These results for young lesbians in Australia suggest that lesbians are not a universally
“privileged” minority and highlight the need for more research into lifecycle variations into both pecuniary and non-pecuniary
aspects of economic well-being.
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Keywords: | Sexual orientation Economic outcomes Australia |
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