近代塞外生态环境退化的人为原因试探

塞外草原生态退化与清代及民国时期的移民开垦存在着深刻的因果关系。首先,以干旱环境为主的内蒙古草原,属于生态脆弱区,农进牧退本身就是生态失调的反映。其次,移民耕垦方法极其粗放,四处游耕,频频撩荒,这种掠夺式开垦加剧了土地沙化。特别是以挖甘草为主的药材"淘金潮",大面积毁灭宝贵的沙生植被,对草原生态的破坏更是致命性的。

On the Artificial Causes of Ecological Deterioration in Inner Mongoliain Modern Times

The deterioration and devastation of the Inner Mongolia prairie was caused partly by the cultivation of Han immigrants during the Qing Dynasty and Republic of China. Inner Mongolia grassland, characterized by dry climate and high altitudes, is unfit for agriculture. Arbitrary farming and soil resting methods of the Han immigrants just speeded up the spreading of the desert. Especially, the long-lasting large-scale liquorice digging destroyed the precious vegetation in the sand area, which resulted in dreadful ecological consequences.