语法学的若干基本问题:以哈萨克语为例

语法的本质属性是抽象性,普适性是抽象性的外在表征,是确定语法成分的关键性标准.语法规则的实质是特定的语法形式与特定的语法意义的结合(对应),每个语法成分均是形式和意义的结合体,都是一条语法规则.语法单位分为法素和法位两级.找出所有法位整理成语法系统时,应分别以形式和意义牵头排列出为理解服务的语法形式系统和为表达服务的语法意义系统.

On Some Basic Problems of Grammar:in the Case of Kazak Language

Abstractness is the essential attribute of grammar,and universal adaptability is the outer expression of the abstractness and the key criterion to affirm grammatical elements.The essence of grammatical rule is the correspondence of specific grammatical form to specific grammatical meaning,and every grammatical element is a combination of form and meaning and a grammatical rule as well.Grammatical unit is of two levels: morpheme and grammeme.In the procedure to find out all the grammatical units and sort them to be grammatical system,we should arrange a system of grammatical forms to serve the expressing a system of grammatical meanings to serve the understanding respectively in forms and meanings.