论明代密疏的保密制度

密疏是明代臣民上呈给皇帝的一种秘密上行文书。与普通题奏本相比,它有直达御前开拆,皇帝亲批而不需内阁票拟,亦不假他人之手高度保密等特点。保密是密疏最重要的特征之一。明代的君臣都有很强的保密意识,明代对密疏的保密,从密疏的誊录、进呈到最后的批出,都有严格的保密措施,正是这些措施确保了明代密疏的保密。

On the Security System of Secret Memorial to the Emperor in Ming Dynasty

The Secret memorial is the kind of document which was presented to emperor by officials in Ming Dynasty.Comparing with other memorial documents to emperor,the secret memorial has the advantages of being secret,as it could directly get to the emperor and the emperor would examine it directly,rather than being examined by cabinet officials or through others' hand.Secret is one of the important features of secret memorial.Both emperors and officials had good sense of keeping secret,and there were many strict measures to keep secret in the process of transcribing,presenting and examining of secret memorials.It was those measures to keep the secret memorials to be secret.