试论舜从妻居形态与虞、妫两族财产争夺案

《孟子》等古文献中所说舜之父瞽叟和舜弟象合谋害舜的传说故事,实际上反映了从母系氏族向对偶家庭发展过程中,男子的角色在从抚养和监护弟与外甥到抚养自己亲生子女的转变中出现的矛盾。舜从妻居并建立了对偶家庭,与固有的男子在母系氏族社会组织中所承担的义务和责任发生了冲突,并因财产争夺而引起了矛盾斗争。虞舜与其父其弟矛盾斗争的传说故事具有特殊的历史意义,为研究尧舜传说时代社会组织形态的进化提供了范例。

The Beena Marriage of Shun and the Fight for the Property Between the Yu Clan and Gui Clan

Thestory of Gusou (literally, blind old man), Shun's father, conspiringwith Xiang, Shun's younger brother, to kill Shun was recorded in Menciusand some other ancient Chinese literatures. The story reflects the inconsistency in the processthat a man changed his role from the foster and guardianof his younger brothers and nephews to his own children's. Shun built a pairing family through the beena marriage. In this family, the traditional obligations and responsibilities of a man were different from those in maternal family. The inconsistency of the roles, in addition to the fight for poverties,is the reason of the conspiring. So as an example of evolution of the social organization in the legendaryage, it has special historical implication.