城市郊区设施蔬菜生产劳动力调查研究——基于阳泉市郊区的调查

设施蔬菜生产是一个技术要求比较高、劳动投入比较大的产业，劳动力是影响设施蔬菜生产的首要因素。采用典型抽样问卷调查和访谈调查方法开展研究。研究结果显示设施蔬菜生产费工多，比较辛苦；菜农技术掌握程度较好，但经营技术还有待提高；设施蔬菜生产提高了土地生产率，增加了农民收入，但和打工相比缺乏比较优势；设施蔬菜经营者存在劳动力年龄大、女性为主的问题；菜农子女从事农业的比例较低，从事农业的意愿不强。从农业劳动力可持续发展的角度，提高菜农收入、培训经营技术、解决劳动力短缺是郊区设施蔬菜的出路。

Survey on the Agricultural Labor Force of Facility Vegetables in Suburbs

Facility vegetable production is a labor-intensive industry with high technology,in which labor force is the primary factor.Based on representative sampling and interview,the survey reveals existing problems as follows: it is a hard job with large amount of labor force;farmers have better technical knowledge but lack of management skill;it does increase the famers’ income but has less advantage compared with that of working for others;aged and female labor force are dominant;second-generation farmers are unwilling to continue working in this field.It proposed solutions from the perspective of sustainable development,namely,increasing farmers’ income,training management skills and solving labor shortage.