孔子的义利观及其影响

道德的根本问题是义利观的问题。孔子认为"义"首先包含道义,其次应包含义务。孔子认为"义"是人行动的最高规范,是维持君、臣、民关系的法宝。孔子认为"利"虽然人人需求,但应当"利民惠民我不贪利"。在孔子的义利观中,"义"和"利"是对立的概念,他褒"义"贬"利",同时又认为"义"和"利"是辩证统一的。孔子的义利观在历史上留下了积极的影响。我们应当重温孔子的义利观及其影响,辩证地处理"义"和"利"的矛盾,行"义"以达其"利",争取社会主义的精神文明和物质文明双丰收。

Confucius' Idea of Righteousness and Benefit and Its Influence

The essence of morality is the idea of righteousness and benefit.In Confucius' eyes, righteousness includes both morality and duty. He also held that righteousness was the highest norm of human behavior, a golden rule to retain the relationship of monarch and subjects. He thought that benefit was necessary for everyone; the rulers should bring benefits to and bestow favor on the subjects, not covet benefits. According to Confucius' idea, righteousness and benefit are contradictory, the former is good while the latter is not, and at the same time they are a dialectical unity. This idea had left positive effects in history. We should review this idea and its influence, handle this contradiction in a dialectical way, and obtain benefits by advocating righteousness so as to realize socialist spiritual and material civilizations.