“文学性”与思想性：从维科到巴赫金

20世纪西方形式主义“文学性”理论对我国文艺理论在80年代以后的发展影响很深,但其重大缺陷是将文学的思想性与审美价值割裂开来,也偏离了西方美学和文学研究传统的精华。维科是“美学科学的发现者”,他的“新科学”所关注的正是文学中思想的独特性。巴赫金认为,文学中思想的形式和类型问题“迄今为止几乎完全没有研究清楚”,还是空白。他们给我们的启示是,文学的审美价值主要内涵就是思想性,文学研究的重要任务之一是发掘文学中的源发性思想。

"Literariness" and Thought: from Vic to Bakhtin

"Literariness" theory of western formalism in the 20th century has a profound impact on China's literary theory development after 1980s.One serious problem of "Literariness" theory is the separation of thought and esthetic value,and deviates too far away from the essence of western esthetics and literary tradition.Vico is the founder of esthetic science,and his "Scienza Nuova"(meaning new science in English) pays special attention to the uniqueness of thought in literature.Bakhtin argues that literary thought form and genre issue is far from clearly defined,and still is a blank issue.In this sense,the main content of literary esthetic value is the though,and one important task of literary research is to disclose the original thought in the literature.