文字学视角的同源字研究简论——兼议同源字与同源词

同源字与同源词是两个不同的概念。同源字研究发端于许慎的字原研究，宋元明清学者一脉相承，有继承也有发扬。受现代语言学影响，同源词研究兴起，但学者对同源字、同源词有所混淆。从文字学角度区分同源字与同源词，应从造字人手。分析同源字，首先要抓住字的形体来源，同源字必须要有个共同的造字之源，即字源。其次，还要注意字的意义联系，同源字的意义要与字源有直接或间接的联系。

Homologous Character from the Perspective of Philology ~Also a Study on Homologous Characters and Cognate Words

Homologous characters and ＂cognate words＂ are two different concepts. The study on homologous characters derived from the study on ＂origin words＂ by Xu Sheu. The scholars of Song, Yuan and Qing Dynast inherited his research and carried it forward, Affected by modern linguistics the study on cognate words sprang up. However, scholars were confused with homologous characters and cognate words. We should make a distinction between homologous characters and cognate words from the perspective of the creation of characters. When we analyze homologous characters, we should know firstly the physical source of the word. Homology words must have a common source which is the origin words. Then we should pay attention to the relations between the meanings of the words. The meanings of homology words have direct or indirect relations to the origin words.