军堡中的里坊制——一项建筑社会学的比较研究

里坊不仅存在于古代城市和乡村聚落,而且被移植进明代长城边防军事堡寨中。经过大量实地踏勘,发现以军事建制为主的明代边防地区修建了上千个军事聚落,遗存至今保存较完整的也有上百个,里坊居住模式也普遍存在着,居住形态表现在建筑学和社会学两个层面。通过对明长城军堡与里坊制在社会学和建筑学两层面的比较,可以得出结论:军堡与里坊均是集防御与居住于一体的聚落,军堡与里坊实际上是同一种聚落形态的不同表达方式,以至军堡与里坊具有建筑学层面和社会学层面的一致性。

Lifang System in Fortress -- A Study of Comparative Analysis of Architectural Sociology

Lifang system exists not only in cities and villages but also in the military settlements.After a lot of on-the-spot survey,it was found that there were thousands of fortresses in the frontier areas in the Ming Dynasty,and up to now,there exist hundreds of fortresses well-preserved,and Lifang residential patterns is generally present in fortresses.Residential morphology expresses both in architecture level and sociology level.By comparatively analyzing the fortress and leafing,this paper puts forward that the fortress and leafing are the villages which combine defense with living;the fortress and lifang are various expression of the same settlement pattern and the fortress and lifang are coherent in the architecture level and sociology level.