拉卜楞大寺的丁科尔扎仓及其拉卜楞地区的藏传天文历算学传承研究

藏传天文历算学是世界重要天文历算传统之一。藏传天文历算自17世纪后的重要传承机构有寺院系统的丁科尔扎仓(dus’khor grwa tshang时轮学院)②和噶厦官办机构曼孜康(sman rtsiskhang,医算院)等,其中安多地区,自18世纪初伊始由格鲁派诸大寺先后建立了诸多丁科尔扎仓,而拉卜楞大寺丁科尔扎仓是整个藏蒙地区延续至今教习制度完备、典籍收藏丰富、人才辈出的最重要的传承机构之一。本文以文献和田野调查相结合,系统考察和梳理了拉卜楞寺丁科尔扎仓为主的该地的藏传天文历算学的传承历史、研习制度、修习内容及特点等。

A Research on Inheritance of Tibetan Astronomy and Astrology in Dus -khor Grwa- tshang of Grand Labrang Monastery and Labrang Area

Tibetan Astronomy and Astrology belong to the most important traditions in the world.Since the seventeenth century,Dus-khor Grwa-tshang in the monastic system and Sman Rtsis Khang in Bkav-shag official organization have become the important inheritance institutions of Tibetan Astronomy and Astrology.From the early of the eighteenth century on,each grand monastery of the Gelug Sect built many Dus-khor Grwa-tshangs in Amdo area,of which Dus-khor Grwa-tshang in Grand Labrang Monastery is one of the most important inheritance institutions because of its complete teaching and learning system,rich book collections and talent resources.Combining literatures with the field work,the paper investigates and classifies the inheritance history,teaching and learning systems,learning contents,characteristics and famous astrologic monks centered on Dus-khor Grwa-tshang in Grand Labrang Monastery.