苏北盆地古近系页岩油储层有效裂缝识别

为了查明苏北盆地古近系阜宁组四段（E1 f 4）裂缝型页岩油资源的富集规律，对钻孔岩芯所含裂缝进行了精细地观察与描述，对区内E1 f 4 页岩基质和裂缝充填方解石进行了碳氧同位素测试、结合区域埋藏史、生烃史，总结了区内油页岩储层裂缝成因类型与特征，划分了裂缝形成期次并识别了有效裂缝。结果表明：研究区E1 f 4 页岩裂缝可分为4 种成因类型：平移式剪裂缝、正向剪切缝、逆向剪切缝和顺层缝；构造裂缝可分为5 期次，其中，第I 期为平移式剪切缝，未见原油显示，形成于吴堡运动；第II 期为正向剪切缝，未见原油显示，形成于真武运动早期；第III 期为顺层缝，原油显示丰富，形成于三垛运动中期；第IV 期为正向剪切缝，原油显示丰富，形成于三垛运动晚期；第V 期为逆向剪切缝，属压性缝，形成于三垛运动末期。第III 期和第IV 期裂缝原油显示丰富，气测异常明显，为有效裂缝。

Mechanism of Middle Peasants Governing Village

With the strong influence of market economy and the flourishing of labor economy,village community is gradually collapsing and the endogenous rules become weak in maintaining the order of village.Governance ability of the village cadres is greatly weakened by rural taxation reform and corresponding reform of town and township system,so the village cadres is becoming more and more incapable of maintaining the order of village.In the post-taxation era,the severe differentiation of social economic status in rural areas does not result in moral decay and social turbulence,which is related to the existence and function of the rich and the middle peasants.Through the analysis and comparison of the differences in background,mechanism and the performance of village governing by middle peasants and by the rich,this paper indicates that middle peasants have more advantages in maintaining the stability of rural order,so middle peasants should be the major force of rural governance and they deserve policy support.