清代清水江流域侗、苗族杉木造林方法初探

清代黔东南清水江流域侗、苗族人民在长期大规模人工杉木林的生产和生活实践中，借鉴汉民族杉木造林方法，并结合本民族固有的农耕传统，创造性地形成了一整套从播种、育苗、栽种到管理的颇具特色、行之有效的杉木造林方法。侗、苗族的这种传统造林方法保证了山林资源的永久可持续利用，并与以林契为代表的契约制度共同揭示了清水江流域林业生生不息、长久不衰的奥秘。

On Dong & Miao Nationalities' Forestation of China Fir at Qingshuijiang River Basin in Qing Dynasty

In Qing Dynasty, people of Dong & Miao Nationalities at Qingshuijiang River Basin of southeastern Guizhou Province had engaged in the large-scale pla n tation of China fir for a long time. Having combined with their inborn cultivati on traditions, they benefited from the China fir forestation of Han Nationality and developed a set of distinct and efficient forestation methods concerning sow ing, breeding, planting and managing. Their traditional forestation has ensured the long-lasting and sustainable utilization of forestry resources and, with th e contract system represented by forestry contracts, revealed the secret of the n atural cycling of forestry at Qingshuijiang River Basin.