基本法修改的空间、方向与正当性机制

基本法修改具有三层意义上的"空间",即"用尽基本法解释方法"、"基本法修改在制度和程序上的空间是开放的"以及"基本法修改的时机",基本法修改从法理和基本法实践的两个角度来看都具有自身的正当性。基本法修改是一种有限修改,必须要受到"中华人民共和国既定的对港澳特别行政区的基本方针政策"的"法律限制",同时,应当关注与"可以试行的方向"相关的重要问题。基本法与基本法附件修改程序的不一致可能引发的基本法解释与基本法修改之间的逻辑矛盾,应当由全国人大特别授权全国人大常委会以及特别行政区的立法会和行政长官对基本法附件的专项修改权,否则就会引发基本法修改实践不可克服的制度悖论。

Allowance, Directions and Justifying Mechanism of Modifying the Basic Law

Modifying the basic law is with three different layers of "allowance" in significance: "the interpreting method by using the basic law only","the allowance to modify the basic law in system and procedure is without time limitation",and "the opportunity of modifying the basic law".Modifying the basic law is with its own lawfulness from the angles of law and practice of the basic law.Modifying the basic law is with restrictive characteristics,which must be "legally restricted" by the basic policies having been made by the People’s Republic of China for Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions.At the same time we must notice the relevant important problems concerning "the tentative direction".The irrelevance in procedures of modifying the basic law and its modification may cause logical contradiction between the interpretation and modifying the basic law,which can be solved by the special right specially authorized by the National Congress to the Standing Committee of the National Congress and to the Legislative Committee and the Chief Executive of the special administrative regions,otherwise the insurmountable paradox will occur in the practice of modifying the basic law.